Wrench



D. HERLIHY AND M. H. FISHER.

WRENCH APPLICATION FILED OCT. 17,1919.

1,349,762. Patented Aug. 17,1920.

iii/ %@%M1My UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIELHERLIHY AND MILAN H. ris inn, or ciiioneo, ILLINOISi SAID FISHER ASSIGNOR 'ro SAID HERLIHY;

WRENCH.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pat- 5 1 1 A 0; 1 7 1920 Application filed October 17, 1919. Serial No. 331,448.

To all whom it may concern l le it' known that we, Denier. HnnLiI-IY and Minan H. Fisirnn, citizens of the United States, and residents of Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and itiseful Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in that type ofwrenches employing a handled shank or bar, having atone of its ends a fixed jaw, with an inner ormovable jaw slidably mounted I on the shank and adapted for clamping movement and locking action through the instruincntality of a rack bar are commonly called monkey wrenches, has

been experienced, by reason of the threads of theiiut at one SlClU-Ol' the unthreaded' recess in said nut, for the reception and operation of the toothed part of the rack bar, abruptly contacting with or catching against the sides of said bar or the teeth thereof, or in other words, failing to engage the teeth of the *ack bar properly or without impediment.

To avoid or overcome the above mentioned defect ordifiiculty, and to provide a wrench of such construction and operation of its parts as to afford quick adjustment of the movable jaw thereof, as well as, positive and accurate engaging means forthe nice or fine adjustment of the same, is the principal obect of the invention.

iinotherob ect is to provlde means for properly connecting and holding the shank- Other objects and advantages of the iiivention will be disclosed in the following if description and explanation.

In the accompanying drawing, which serves to illustrate an embodiment of the invention, i

Figure 1 is a plan View of a wrench embodying one form of the invention showing the jaws thereof slightly separated and the parts in position ready for use.

F1g. 2 1s a view in side elevation thereof illustratil'ig by dotted lines one of the positions to which the inner jaw may be moved. Fig. 3 is a similar view butshowing the movable jaw and handle of the wrench in longitudinal section.

Fig. t is a cross-sectional view taken on line l lof Fig. 3 looking in the direction indicated by the arrows.

Fig. 5 .s a similar view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction indicated bytlie arrows. i i

Fig. 6 is an inner end view of the handle showing the shank of the wrench located in the socket thereof and insection but with the rackbar and sleeve nut omitted.

Fig. 7 is a fragmental sectional view of the handle showing a portion of a modified form of the rack bar located in the socket thereof, and i Fig. 8 is an enlarged fragmental plan view of said rack bar.

Like numerals of reference refer to corresponding parts throughout the different views of the drawing.

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 1. to 6 inclusive, the reference nuine 'al 10 designatesthe shank of thewrench, which is by preference rectangular in cross-section and ma be made of any suitable material and desired length. shank is provided with a jaw 11 which is extended laterally from the shank and with its inner face at a right angle thereto.

Near its other end the shank is provided with an opening 12 for the reception of a tapered screw bolt 13, which is extended through an opening in the handle on one side of the socket therein into an opening located in the other side of the handle diametrically opposite the first named opening, the latter of which openings is screw- At one of its ends the preferably without threads.

threaded while the other opening in the handle and the opening 12 in the shank are The handle is designated as a whole by the numeral 14 and may be made of any suitable size, form and material, but by preference of a single piece of metal and cylindrical in shape,'as shown.

The handle 14 is provided with a socket 15, which is by preference rectangular in cross-section to receive the similarly shaped shank 10, but may be'made of a corresponding shape to the shank if the latter is of another form than rectangular. The socket 15 extends from the inner end of the handle to near its outer end and is provided with a segmental enlargement or recess 16 which extends from the inner end of the handle to This reduced portion extends from the inner end of the handle outwardly and terminates with a shoulder 18, against which one end of a nut 19 which is in the form of a sleeve or collar rests, the other end thereof being lo cated aboutflush with the inner end of the handle. The nut 19 is provided with internal screw-threads 20 to engage the teeth 21 of therack bar 22, which bar is located longitudinally and slidably on that portion of the shank 10 adjacent to the longitudinal recess or enlargement 16 of the handle, as is clearly shownin Figs. 3 to 5 inclusive.

As shown in said figures, the teeth 21 of the rackfbar 22 in the form of the invention illustrated in said figures are in the form of true ratchet teeth, that is, each of said teeth has its surface opposed to the movable jaw 23 extended substantially at a right angle to the base of the bar 22, while its face or surface adjacent to the jaw 23 is inclined toward said jaw and toward. the base of said bar. It will also be observed in said figures, especially ln'Figs. 1 and 5, that the bar 22 has a portion 24 which overhangs one side of the shank 10, and that the teeth 21 of said bar extend from' one edge thereof to the other edge of the same and transversely thereof, yet at a suitable pitch or inclination to'correspond with the pitch or inclination of the screw-threads 20 of the sleeve nut 19, which threads engage the ratchet teeth 21 to force the rack bar-forwardly and to lock it in its clamping position. The threads 20 of the sleeve nut 19 are also in the form of true ratchet teeth, but it will be understood that said threads are not continuous, but

eachv has a registering cut-away portion 25 of sufficient length to extend from one of the edges of the teeth 21 of the rack bar to the other edge thereof, as will be clearly understood by reference to Fig. 5 of the drawing.

By this arrangement, it is evident that the cut-away portion of the threads 20 in the nut 19 will register with one another and thus form a longitudinal recess within the nut in which recess the rack bar and its teeth can he slid back and forth for quick adjustment without engagement with or interference by the threads of the nut. That end of each of the threads 20 of the nut adjacent to the overhanging portion 2-1 of the rack bar and of the overhanging part of the teeth thereon is provided with an inwardly extended bevel 26, thus providing a point 27 on each end of the said teeth, which point may have a knife edge presented toward the teeth 21 of the rack bar. By this arrangement it is evident that in turning the nut 19 in the proper direction as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 5, the pointed ends 27 of the threads 20 of the nut will engage the teeth 21 of the rack bar at a slight distance from the overhanging ends of said tccth and that by reason of the knife-like edges of said teeth and the similarly shaped ((lfJfQS of the threads 20 of the nut being presented toward each other, there will he no possibility of the teeth and threads catching or being impeded one by the other in the rotation of the nut to actuate the rack bar.

At a suitable distance from the inner cn'l of the handle 1%, the shank 10 is provided with a shoulder 28 in its portion opposite the rack bar. Located around the rack bar between the shoulder 28 and the inner ends of the handle 14 and nut 19 is a collar 29 which is provided with a rectangular opcning 30 to receive the shank 10 and said opening has communicating therewith an enlarged recess 31 for the reception of the rack bar and its teeth, which recess is located in a position to register with the rccess 16 of the handle as well as with the recess or cut-away portion 25 of the nut l when the latter is turned to the proper position as shown in' Figs. 3 and 5 to permit free movement of the rack bar and shank.

That surface of the collar 29 adjacent to the nut 19 is provided with a peripheral groove 32 in which is located a stop 33, such as a projecting pin. This stop is employed to co-act with a pin or projection 34: on the end of the nut 19 adjacent to the collar 29 so as to prevent more than one revolution of the nut in either direction and so as to act as an automatic guide in holding the cut- As is clearly shown in Fig. 3, the movable jaw 23 is provided with a longitudinal opening or channel 35 for the reception of the shank 10 and has near its inner end a slot or recess 36 extended laterally from one of the walls of the opening 35 which slot or recess is for the reception and retention of an extension 37 on the end of the rack bar 22 adjacent to the movable jaw.

In Figs. 7 and 8 of the drawing, we have shown a modification in the construction of the wrench which consists in employing a rack bar 38 having true V-shaped segmental teeth 39 transversely located thereon instead of the ratchet type of teeth 21 shown in Fi s. 1 to 5 inclusive and above described. 11 this modification the collar 19 is modified in the same respect, that is, the threads 40 thereof are of true V-shape instead of the ratchet type, as in the other construction. Otherwise, the construction of the parts are identical with that shown in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive and above described.

By using the tapered screw-bolt 13 or a similar tapered member for connecting the handle to the shank, it is apparent that the shank can be adjusted with respect to the handle so that the shoulder 28 of the shank will abut against the collar 29 and thus hold it against the adjacent ends of the handle and nut.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a wrench, the combination with a shank having a jaw at one of its ends, of a handle mounted on the other end of the shank and having a longitudinally extended opening for the latter and provided with a longitudinally extended recess communicating with said opening, means to secure the handle and shank together, a rack bar mounted longitudinally and slidably on the shank and extended into said recess of the handle, a jaw carried by the rack bar, said rack bar having at one of its edges a part overhanging the shank and providedwith transversely disposed teeth extended from one of its edges to the other edge thereof, a nut rotatably mounted on the handle and having segmental screw-threads to engage the teeth of the rack bar, the ends of each screw-thread being sufliciently spaced apart to permit of the free movement of the rack bar there-between, one end of each of said segmental threads being inwardly beveled and having a knife-like edge presented toward the teeth of the rack bar.

2. In a wrench, the combination with a shank having a jaw at one of its ends, a transverse opening near its other end and a shoulder between said openin and jaw, of a handle mounted on the end oi the shank opposite its jaw and having a longitudinally extended opening for the shank and provided with a longitudinally extended recess communicating with said opening, said handle also having transverse openings to register with the opening in the shank, a tapered member located in said openings for holding the shank and handle together and for longitudinally adjusting the former in assembling the same, a rack'bar mounted longitudinally and slidably on the shank and extended into said recess of the handle, a jaw carried by the rack bar, a nut rotatably mounted on the inner end of the handle and having segmental screw-threads to engage the teeth of the rack bar and provided with a projection on one of its ends, and a collar mounted on the rack bar and shank between the shoulder of the latter and the nut, and having on its face adjacent the nut a stop to engage the projection on the latter.

3. In a Wrench, the combination with a shank having a jaw at one of its ends, of a handle mounted on the other end of the shank and having a longitudinally extended opening for the latter and provided with a longitudinally extended recess communicating with said opening, means to secure the handle and the shank together, a rack bar mounted longitudinally and slidably on the shank and extended into said recess of the handle, a jaw carried by the rack bar, said rack bar having at one of its edges a part overhanging the shank and provided with transversely disposed teeth of ratchet type extended from one of its edges to the other edge thereof, a nut rotatably mounted on the handle and having segmental screw-threads of ratchet teeth type to engage the teeth of the rack bar, the ends of each screw-thread being sufiiciently spaced apart to permit of the free movement of the rack bar there-between, and one end of each of said segmental threads being inwardly beveled and having a knife-like edge presented toward the teeth of the rack bar.

DANIEL HERLIHY. MILAN H. FISHER. 

